
@article {PanMoh12A,
	title = {Securing Multimedia Content using Joint Compression and Encryption},
	journal = {IEEE MultiMedia},
	volume = {20},
	number = {4},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {50-61},
	abstract = {Algorithmic parameterization and hardware architectures can ensure secure transmission of multimedia data in resource-constrained environments such as wireless video surveillance networks, tele-medicine frameworks for distant health care support in rural areas, and Internet video streaming.

Joint multimedia compression and encryption techniques can significantly reduce the computational requirements of video processing systems. We present an approach to reduce the computational cost of multimedia encryption, while also preserving the properties of compressed video (useful for scalability, transcoding, and retrieval), which endanger loss by naive encryption. Hardware-amenable design of proposed algorithms makes them suitable for real-time embedded multimedia systems. This approach alleviates the need of additional hardware for encryption in resource constrained scenario, and can be otherwise used to augment existing encryption methods used for content delivery in Internet or other applications.

In this work, we show how two compression blocks for video coding: a modified frequency transform (called as Secure Wavelet Transform or SWT) and a modified entropy coding scheme, (called Chaotic Arithmetic Coding (CAC)) can be used for video encryption. Experimental results are shown for selective encryption using proposed schemes.

},
	author = {Amit Pande and Prasant Mohapatra and Joseph Zambreno}
}
@article {PanZam10C,
	title = {The Secure Wavelet Transform},
	journal = {Springer Journal of Real-Time Image Processing (RTIP)},
	year = {2010},
	abstract = {There has been an increasing concern for the security of multimedia transactions over real-time embedded systems. Partial and selective encryption schemes have been proposed in the research literature, but these schemes significantly increase the computation cost leading to tradeoffs in system latency, throughput, hardware requirements and power usage. In this paper, we propose a lightweight multimedia encryption strategy based on a modified discrete wavelet transform (DWT) which we refer to as the secure wavelet transform (SWT). The SWT provides joint multimedia encryption and compression by two modifications over the traditional DWT implementations: (a) parameterized construction of the DWT and (b) subband re-orientation for the wavelet decomposition. The SWT has rational coefficients which allow us to build a high throughput hardware implementation on fixed point arithmetic. We obtain a zero-overhead implementation on custom hardware. Furthermore, a Look-up table based reconfigurable implementation allows us to allocate the encryption key to the hardware at run-time. Direct implementation on Xilinx Virtex FPGA gave a clock frequency of 60 MHz while a reconfigurable multiplier based design gave a improved clock frequency of 114 MHz. The pipelined implementation of the SWT achieved a clock frequency of 240 MHz on a Xilinx Virtex-4 FPGA and met the timing constraint of 500 MHz on a standard cell realization using 45 nm CMOS technology.},
	author = {Amit Pande and Joseph Zambreno}
}
