
@article {PanZam11D,
	title = {A Chaotic Encryption Scheme for Real-time Embedded Systems: Design and Implementation},
	journal = {Telecommunication Systems},
	volume = {52},
	number = {2},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {551-561},
	abstract = {Chaotic encryption schemes are believed to provide greater level of security than conventional ciphers. In this paper, a chaotic stream cipher is first constructed and then its hardware implementation details over Xilinx Virtex-6 FPGA are provided. Logistic map is the simplest chaotic system and has high potential to be used to design a stream cipher for real-time embedded systems. Its simple construct and non-linear dynamics makes it a common choice for such applications. In this paper, we present a Modified Logistic Map (MLM) which improves the performance of Logistic Map in terms of higher Lyapunov exponent and uniformity of bifurcation map. It also avoids the stable orbits of logistic map giving a more chaotic behavior to the system. A stream cipher is built using MLM and random feedback scheme. The proposed cipher gives 16 bits of encrypted data per clock cycle. The hardware implementation results over Xilinx Virtex-6 FPGA give a synthesis clock frequency of 93 MHz and a throughput of 1.5 Gbps while using 16 hardware multipliers. This makes the cipher suitable for embedded devices which have tight constraints on power consumption, hardware resources and real-time parameters.},
	author = {Amit Pande and Joseph Zambreno}
}
@article {PanZam12B,
	title = {Comments on {\textquoteright}Arithmetic Coding as a Non-Linear Dynamical System{\textquoteright}},
	journal = {Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation (CNSNS)},
	volume = {17},
	number = {12},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {4536-4543},
	abstract = {Nagaraj et al. [1, 2] present a skewed-non-linear Generalized Luroth Series (s-nGLS) framework. S-nGLS uses non-linear maps for GLS to introduce a security parameter a which is used to build a keyspace for image or data encryption. The map introduces non-linearity to the system to add an "encryption key parameter". The skew is added to achieve optimal compression efficiency. s-nGLS used as such for joint encryption and compression is a weak candidate, as explained in this communication. First, we show how the framework is vulnerable to known plaintext based attacks and that a key of size 256 bits can be broken within 1000 trials. Next, we demonstrate that the proposed non-linearity exponentially increases the hardware complexity of design. We also discover that s-nGlS can{\textquoteright}t be implemented as such for large bitstreams. Finally, we demonstrate how correlation of key  parameter with compression performance leads to further key vulnerabilities.},
	author = {Amit Pande and Joseph Zambreno and Prasant Mohapatra}
}
